Spaniel training and care

Spaniels have been featured in art and literature for over five centuries, originally categorised into “land” and “water” types. By the mid-19th century, the specific breeds we recognize today started to emerge.

The Cocker spaniel is closely related to the Springer spaniel, and at one time, both types could be born from the same litter. The smaller dogs were identified as Cocker spaniels, a name thought to originate from their role in hunting woodcock.

Today, there are two primary types of English Cocker Spaniels: field bred and show bred. Show bred cockers often have thicker, longer coats compared to their field counterparts. Cocker spaniels come in a variety of colours, including black, black and tan, liver, blue roan, black and white, or orange and white.

Cocker spaniels remain popular both as family pets and as working gundogs. Known for their enthusiastic approach to “flushing” game towards the hunter, they love exploring underbrush, chasing birds, and tracking wildlife. Their keen sense of smell and determination also make them popular choices for detection work.

Average Lifespan: 12-15 years
Height: 15-16 inches (38-41 cm)
Weight: 29-32 lbs (13-14.5 kg)
Temperament: Intelligent, active, resilient, cheerful
Training at Different Stages of Life

Puppyhood

During puppyhood, it’s essential to focus on socialisation and building confidence. This means exposing the puppy to various people, places, and situations in a positive and controlled way. Though Cockers often appear fearless, it’s crucial to prevent them from being overwhelmed to avoid future behavioural issues like reactivity or phobias.

Puppy training classes can help your Cocker learn to engage with you even in a distracting environment and start laying down good habits early on. Cocker spaniels are known for being excitable and can quickly become focused on their surroundings, so training outdoors is particularly helpful.

Cockers are affectionate and love spending time with their humans. As a gundog breed, they often enjoy carrying things in their mouths and might even hoard toys. While these behaviours can be endearing, Cocker pups can be prone to separation anxiety and resource guarding. Proper training early on can help prevent these issues.

Adolescence

Adolescence can be a challenging period, both for owners and dogs. With rising hormones, behaviours that were previously well-managed may start to regress. This is normal, and revisiting foundational training can help reinforce key skills like recall and leash walking.

During this time, it’s important not to let your dog practice unwanted behaviours, such as chasing wildlife or running up to other dogs. Cockers have a natural instinct to hunt, and their excitement over small animals can quickly turn into a habit. Engaging them in activities like scent work can provide a positive outlet for these instincts while strengthening your bond.

At 1 Year Old

As your Cocker approaches physical maturity, they’ll be ready for more demanding activities like agility training. The hard work you’ve done on their training thus far will start to pay off, making it easier to train for fun as well as practicality. Engaging in high-energy activities like agility helps improve your dog’s impulse control, a useful skill given the breed’s tendency to get easily excited.

You can also start to refine the skills you’ve been working on and consider advanced training to keep your dog mentally stimulated. For those who’ve already begun scent work, advanced scent classes can take your dog’s abilities to the next level.

2+ Years Old

By now, the time and effort you’ve invested in your Cocker’s development should be evident in the form of a well-rounded, engaged companion. While the basics may feel routine, it’s important to continue providing mental enrichment to keep your dog engaged. Trick training and advanced scent work are great ways to keep their minds sharp and bond through learning.

Senior Years (7+ Years)

As Cocker spaniels enter their senior years, their needs will shift. Adjust their physical activity based on their health, but remember that many older dogs can stay active well into their later years. Keeping them physically engaged can help prevent muscle loss and maintain mobility. Pay attention to any signs of stiffness or fatigue and consult your vet if needed.

Even as their physical abilities change, cognitive activities like puzzle games or scent work can provide enrichment without overexerting them.